摘要：经济体制改革以来，私营经济在我国获得了巨大的发展，私营企业已经成我国城镇吸收就业人数最多的一个经济部门。但是与私营经济获得巨大发展不相符的是，私营企业的劳动关系出现了种种不和谐的现象，私营企业劳动者的维权问题日益紧迫。这使得工会组织的作用越来越重要。目前我国私企的工会在劳资关系中扮演何种角色，能否顺应市场经济的要求积极发挥自己的职能，它的功能和组织结构发生了怎样的变化，关系着劳动者的切身利益，也一定程度上关系着企业本身的长远发展。本文以常熟地区为例，运用问卷法和访谈法对大中型私营企业中工会的建设与运行情况进行调查研究，深入探讨私营企业工会组织的作用与意义。研究发现，私企工会不能很好的体现其最基本的维权职能，企业，劳动者，工会自身三方各有责任。笔者结合理论，从企业，政府，劳动者，工会四个角度提出部分解决问题的对策，为常熟地区私营企业工会的职能充分发挥提供参考。

关键词：私营企业 劳动关系 工会 维权

Abstract: Since the reform of economic system, the private economy received great development in our country. Private enterprise has become one of the largest economic sectors which absorbing employment in both urban and rural areas. However, what out of line with the great economic development is that a variety of disharmonious phenomena appear in the labor relation in such business. The advocating of labor rights in private enterprise become increasingly urgent, and this makes the trade union organization plays an increasingly important role. The trade union matters not only laborer, but also the long-term development of the establishment on a certain extent: the role if union in the labor relation in present Chinese private companies; if the union can comply with the requirements of market and play to its own functions actively; the change of the union in its faction and organizational structure. The thesis takes Changshu as an example and deeply discusses the effects and significance of the trade union organization in the private enterprise. To investigate the construction and operation of the union, the author use the way of questionnaire survey and interview. Study found that private companies' trade unions can not present the basic faction of rights advocating. This attributes to all the three sides, the enterprise, the laborer and the union itself. The author proposes some measures to solve such problems from four angles as the enterprise, the government, the laborer and the union. All these provide references for the union of the private enterprises in Changshu to give full play to their functional roles.

Keyword ：Private enterprise   Labor Relations   Union      Rights