中文摘要：在英国，文学肇始于诗歌、戏剧，直到1719年《鲁滨孙漂流记》问世，英国才有了第一部真正的小说，其作者笛福（Daniel Defoe 1660—1731），因此而获得“英国和欧洲小说之父”的称誉。其作品主要以个人通过努力，靠自己的智慧和勇敢战胜困难为构架，情节曲折，可读性强。他所采用的日记体叙述方式也开创了现实主义启蒙小说之先河，成为了文学革命史上一个划时代的里程碑。

-《鲁滨逊漂流记》不仅以其成功的人物塑造闻名于世，其全新的现实主义创作手法也在英国文学史上具有不可低估的影响。笛福生动细致的描写、真实贴切的语言为后世的现实小说创作提供了很好的蓝本。本文将跳开对书中人物的性格、环境与具体事件的深层挖掘，转而从内容和语言两方面剖析该书的现实主义创作手法，并简要分析其对后世现实主义小说的影响。   

关键词：鲁宾逊漂流记；现实主义；创作手法

Contents

Abstract

中文摘要

Chapter 1 Introduction-1

1.1 A Brief Introduction of Daniel Defoe-1

1.2 Historical Background of the Novel-1

1.3 A Brief Introduction to Robinson Crusoe-2

1.4 Literature Review-2

Chapter 2 Realism and Realistic Novels-5

2.1 The Definition of Realism-5

2.2 The Emergence of Realism Literature-5

2.3 Principles of Realism Literature-5

2.4 Writing Techniques in Realism Novels-6

2.5 Some Basic Factors of Realistic Novels-6

Chapter 3 Realistic Elements in Robinson Crusoe-9

3.1Realistic Elements in the Content:-9

3.1.1 The Shaping of Main Character-9

3.1.2 Apparent Era Features-9

3.1.3Accurate Description of Time and Place-10

3.1.4 Accurate Description of Main Character's Actions-11

3.2Realistic Elements in His Writing Style-11

3.2.1The First Person Narration-11

3.2.2 Fictional autobiography-12

3.2.3The Casual Narrative Style and the Simple, Natural Language-12

Chapter 4 Influences upon English Fictions Afterwards-15

4.1 General Influence-15

4.2 Material Selection-15

4.3 Language Features-16

4.4 Fictional Autobiography-17

4.5 Accurate Detail Description-17

Chapter 5 Conclusion-19

References-21