译文（字数 2379）

应用题解决中示意图的影响：增加认知负荷的结果

IneIE.Berends*,Ernest C.D.M.van Lieshout

摘要

文字应用题经常伴有示意图出现。当前的研究检验了不同类型效果图是如何影响优秀算术学习者（n=67)和不良算术学习者（n=63)在速度和准确率上的表现。24个应用题伴随4种不同线索价值的示意图呈现。结果显示示意图可以通过产生无关多余的或者相互作用的信息资源来对应用题的解题表现产生不利的影响。本文用认知负荷理论来解释实验结果，特别是与（不良）工作记忆能力有关的结果。

关键词：算术；工作记忆；认知负荷；示意图

外文原文（字符数 8126）

The effect of illustrations in arithmetic problem-solving:

Effects of increased cognitive load

Inez E.Berends*,Ernest C.D.M.van Lieshout

Abstract

Arithmetic word problems are often presented accompanied by illustrations.The present study examined how different types of illustrations influence the speed and accuracy of performance of both good(n=67)and poor arithmeticians(n=63).Twenty-four arithmetic word problems were presented with four types of illustrations with increasing information value.The results show that illustrations can have a detrimental effect of information.Principles from cognitive load theory are used to explain the results,in particular in relation to(poor)working memory ability.