摘要:乌托邦意识在中国现代小说中形成了一定的传统，这与社会经济的发展和政治革命推动有关，与人们对外界生活变革所形成的心理反映也有关系。乌托邦意识深植于中国传统文化，这种意识在晚清梁启超等人地推动下开始有了书面表达，在京派小说，革命小说，解放区文艺影响下,小说的中乌托邦意识渐入佳境。文革文学之后,在寻根小说、改革小说中乌托邦意识有了一些理性的思考。随着社会转型时期的到来，许多矛盾凸显出来，有一批作家采取了理性的反思态度，反省社会生活中的黑暗，关注人性中的弱点，出现了反乌托邦意识。当代作家表达乌托邦意识还在前进的路上，有一些新的发现和方法值得我们去探讨。

关键词    现代小说,乌托邦意识,继承,衍变

ABSTRACT:Utopian consciousness have formed a certain tradition in Chinese modern novels, it concerned with the development of social economy and political revolutions, and related to the psychological reflection that formed from revolutions of the outside life. The utopian consciousness existed in Chinese traditional culture, then promoted by Liang Qi-chao and others in late Qing dynasty it began to have written, then under the influence of Beijing style novel, revolutionary novel and Liberated areas of literature and art, Utopia consciousness get better. After going through the ten years of the extremely Cultural Revolution, utopian consciousness in the Root-searching novels and revolutionary novel have formed some rational thinking. With the coming of social transition, many of the contradictions are prominent, a group of writers take the rational Reflection attitude, reflect the dark in social life, and pay close attention to the weaknesses of human nature, and there has been a dystopia. On the forward way of Contemporary writers to express the utopian consciousness, there will be some new findings and methods for us to discus.  

Key Words: The modern novel, Utopia consciousness, Inherit, Development