摘要：随着中国经济地腾飞与城市化进度的加快，拆迁在旧城区改造以及城区扩张进程中扮演着主导者的角色。可以说房屋拆迁是经济增长的必然产物。论及拆迁，必然涉及被拆迁人、政府以及拆迁人三方。政府作为三方之一，必须扮演好自己的角色，理性地发挥职能来促成拆迁行为的有效实施。《国有土地房屋征收与补偿条例》规定政府在拆迁中该明确自己的角色定位，分清商业拆迁以及公共利益拆迁，对自己的职能发挥从规划、协调、监督等方面进行有效规范，但是由于政府的依法行政能力有所欠缺以及绩效观、监督体系的不足，政府失灵现象仍然没有得到根本解决。针对这样的情况，我们可以通过强化对政府的监督、试着改善政府的绩效观以及加大惩罚措施等手段来改善这一局面。

关键词：政府；拆迁；角色定位；职能

Abstract：Along with the Chinese economy development and city change pace accelerating, the demolition of old city transformation plays a leading role in the process of urban expansion. We shall admit house demolition is the inevitable outcome of economic growth. When it comes to demolition, necessarily involves the relocation household, the government and the remover. As one of the three parties, government must play his part rationally to promote the implementation of the relocation behavior effectively. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties in the demolition project, ensure the implementation of demolition rational, the state government implemented " State-owned land to the housing levy and Compensation Ordinance" ( hereinafter referred to as" Regulations" ) since January 21, 2011. But the government malfunction phenomenon still has not been fundamentally resolved. How to protect the relocation household's fundamental interests,  which specific role the government should play in the demolition, even should the official performance evaluation system is be improved, these problems will be discussed in the article through relevant cases. To make a long story short, the government should be functioning by regulating planning, coordination and supervision etc. effectively. Meanwhile, the government should take adjusting measures to local conditions, seeking truth from facts as the principles to protect the interests of all the parties in the demolition. 

Key words: government; demolition; role orientation; function

　　　中国作为一个经济不断膨胀的大国，城市化每天都在这片大地上演绎着。而拆迁，作为城市化中重要的一环，也每天都在我们身边进行着。政府作为拆迁工作中的主导者，他的职能发挥好坏起着决定性的作用。《条例》的颁布明确了政府在拆迁工作中的角色定位，缓解了由于政府失灵而导致的拆迁冲突。但是由于历史原因或者是很多法律无法涉及的原因，在拆迁中的政府角色偏离现象仍然存在着。一些由拆迁造成的闹剧、惨剧仍然不幸地上演着。因此，一系列能使政府在拆迁工作中正确定位同时能有效发挥职能的措施是必不可少的。只有这样，拆迁——城市化的催化剂，才能良性健康生效。从而，中国的腾飞才会更加迅猛。

　　　本论文采用逻辑推演和实证分析相结合的研究方法，按提出问题、评述研究现状、选择理论视角、实证分析、分析问题，最后得出结论的方式，指出解决问题的路径和应采取的政策建议，为政府能在拆迁中实现职能有效发挥提出些许参考。