摘要:随着汽车工业的发展，汽车制造商除了关注汽车的安全性、舒适性外，同时为 了节约能耗，适应严格的排放标准，保护环境，不得不采用更薄的钢板作为汽车的 外覆盖件，从而导致外覆盖件“变软”，产生一系列问题，如外覆盖件自重或者轻微 的碰撞引起的凹陷，汽车行驶中产生的振动、噪音等等。所谓汽车板材抗凹性是指 经一定变形的试件或者局部凹陷变形，保持形状的能力。其包括抗凹刚度，起伏载 荷和局部凹陷抗力 3 个指标[1] 。

汽车开闭件的屈曲抗凹分析是衡量汽车开闭件稳定性的一种方法,由于开闭件外板本身的形状确定了其结构具有不稳定的特性,所以了解其屈曲的性能就显得尤 为重要;通过有限元分析确定其性能并改进开闭件设计使其达到抗凹性能的要求。

　　　本人在查阅大量文献和已有试验结果的基础上，通过 SolidWorks 建模模拟汽 车引擎盖，再运用有限元分析软件 ANSYS 对引擎盖进行屈曲抗凹分析，包括以下 主要内容：

(1)简化引擎盖模型，运用 SolidWorks 建模。

（2）得出边界条件并施加载荷，运用 ANSYS 对引擎盖进行屈曲抗凹分析。

（3）对结果对比分析并总结。

（4）优化设计，对引擎盖进行加筋并进行对比分析。

关键词:  有限元，屈曲，开闭件（引擎盖），ANSYS

Abstract:As the car industry, automobile maker in addition to the attention of the security, comfort, but to save energy consumption, to strict standards, environmental protection have to adopt a thin steel as the outer cover, which led to outer cover a "soft", a series of questions, such as the outer covering a feeling or a slight collision cause depression, the car in the vibration, noise, etc. The car to the board was to be tried by the shape of a concave shape or local, in place. it consists of resistance, the stiffness of the loading and local hollow resistance three indicators. 

　　　Buckling and denting analys is of the closures is a method to evaluate the stability of structure.For the instability caused by the figure of out-panel,it is important to know about the buckling and denting performance of out-panel. The analys is of finite element can help to confirm its performance and improve its design to meet the needs of denting requirements.

　　　Myself  in  the  consult  massive  literature  and  had  in  the  test  result  foundation, through the SolidWorks modelling simulation automobile bonnet, carries on the flexure anti-concave analysis again using finite element analysis software ANSYS to the bonnet, including the following primary coverage:

(1) The simplified bonnet model, utilizes the SolidWorks modelling.

(2)  Obtains  the  boundary  condition  and  exerts  the  load,  carries  on  the  flexure anti-concave analysis using ANSYS to the bonnet.

(3) To analyzes the result subtotal.

(4)  The  optimization  design,  carries  on  to  the  bonnet  reinforces  and  carries  on  the contrastive analysis.

Keyword: FEM,buckling,closures,ANSYS