摘要:质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)控制单元的硬件设计，目的是为了将质子交换膜燃 料电池(PEMFC)应用到汽车的电力推进上。与传统的柴(汽)油发电机和蓄电池电源相 比，燃料电池的最大优点在于无污染、效率高、噪声低、可靠性强、供电性能更加稳 定。但是，燃料电池的放电性能受气体压力、温度、湿度、尾气排放等影响，本课题 研究的目的就是分析压力、温度、湿度等参数对燃料电池放电性能的影响，并给出相 应的控制方案。

　　　论文首先介绍了研究意义以及研究的主要内容，然后对质子交换膜燃料电池的相 关概念、系统的组成、工作原理等等都进行了较为详细的阐述。根据相关的分析，提 出了质子交换膜燃料电池供电系统的总体控制方案。根据对影响系统性能的各个重要 的因素进行了详细的分析后，给出了具体的控制方法。根据控制的方案设计了系统的 硬件以及相应的软件。对实际的实验结果进行测试，从示波器上观察波形图，以证明 设计方案的正确性和可行性。最后对己经完成的内容进行了总结，提出了对系统进行 进一步优化控制的方案。

　　　在系统的控制方案设计中，采用常压空气作为氧化剂。氢气的供给采用高压储氢 瓶提供，供氢压力通过两级减压阀来实现降压和稳压，根据测量数据的分析，将进气 的压力恒定在特定的值。气体的增湿采用恒温水槽和中空纤维增湿器进行增湿，湿度 的测量用湿度传感器。温度的测量用温度传感器测量，并用数码管显示出测量值，用 PWM 控制冷却风扇控制温度到恒定值。采用定时器计时控制排气阀，排放尾气。

关键词：质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)，控制，串口通信，温度、湿度

Abstract:Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) Control Unit of the hardware design, the purpose of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is applied to electric propulsion on motor vehicles. With traditional diesel (gas) oil generators and battery power compared to the maximum advantage of fuel cells no pollution, high efficiency, low noise, reliability, power supply more stable performance. However, the fuel cell discharge performance by the gas pressure, temperature, humidity, impact of exhaust emissions, the purpose  of  the  research  is  to  analyze  the  pressure,  temperature,  humidity  and  other discharge parameters on the performance of fuel cells, and the corresponding control program.

　　　Paper first introduces the study and research of major significance, and then on the proton exchange membrane fuel cell concepts, system configuration, working principle, etc. are  carried  out  more  detail.  According  to  the  related  analysis,  the  proton  exchange membrane  fuel  cell  power  system  of  the  overall  control  scheme.  Affect  system performance based on various important factors detailed analysis,giver the specific control methods. Under the control of the hardware design of the system and the corresponding software. The actual results of the test, observed from the oscilloscope waveform in order to  prove  the  correctness  and  feasibility  of  the  design.  Finally,  the  content  has  been completed a summary presented to further optimize the system control program.

　　　Control system design, the use of atmospheric air as oxidant. The supply of hydrogen using high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle to provide for hydrogen pressure relief valve to achieve the step-down by two and regulators, according to measurement data analysis, a constant inlet pressure to a specific value. Gas humidification with heated tank and hollow fiber humidifier for humidification, humidity sensor for measuring humidity. Temperature measurement temperature sensor, with digital display the measured values, control the cooling fan with PWM control temperature to a constant value. Exhaust valve timing control with timer, exhaust emissions

Keywords: proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), control, serial communication, temperature, humidity