摘要:跨文化交际研究是在美国新兴的领域。人们普遍把霍尔（1959）的《无声的语言》视为跨文化交际学的开端。近年来，由于世界范围内的地理、经济和人口统计的变化，跨文化研究越来越重要。由于中国和西方之间的地理历史等条件的差异，不同的社会群体形成了不同的价值观，对不同民族的价值观差异的研究有助于英语学习者及需要跨文化交流的人们提高其文化差异意识以及跨文化交际能力。

本文共有四大部分八个小节组成：第一大块（1.2.3.4）解释了跨文化交际领域中的基本概念，详细阐述了跨文化交际，价值观以及霍夫斯泰德的权力距离等基本概念。第二大块（5.6.）分析了影响中西方价值观形成的各种因素，从地理环境，经济政治等不同角度找出其与中西方价值观的联系。第三大块(7.8.)中西方价值观差异的不同表现及对比。最后一部分则是根据上述价值观念不同在跨文化交际中给出的实际建议，如：提高对不同文化的包容度与理解力，入乡随俗等。综上所述，基于中西方价值观的巨大差异，如何在跨文化交际中减少和避免失误，怎样使不同文化背景下的交际更有效已经成为英语学习者及需要跨文化交际的人群面临的首要问题。

关键词：价值观；文化；差异；跨文化交际；差异表现

Abstract:Intercultural communication study is a new field in the United States. Hall's (1959) silent language is generally regarded as the beginning of intercultural communication. In recent years, cross cultural study is becoming increasingly important due to the change of geography, economy and population in the world. Because of the differences in geographical and historical conditions between China and the west, different social groups have formed different values. The study of the differences in values of different nationalities will help English learners and people who need intercultural communication to improve their cultural difference consciousness and intercultural communication ability.

This article consists of four parts and eight sections: the first part (1.2.3.4) explains the basic concepts in intercultural communication, and expounds intercultural communication, values and Hofstede's power distance. The second part (5.6.) analyzed the factors that influenced the formation of Chinese and Western values, and found out the relationship with the Chinese and Western values from different angles, such as geographical environment, economic and political, and so on. The third part stated the different performances of the western and Chinese values and their comparison. The last part is the practical suggestion in intercultural communication based on the different values, such as improving the tolerance and understanding of different cultures, and when in Rome, do as the Romans do. To sum up, based on the great differences between Chinese and Western values, how to reduce and avoid mistakes in intercultural communication and how to make communication more effective in different cultural backgrounds have become the most important problem for English learners and people in need of intercultural communication.

Key words: values, culture, differences, intercultural communication，Difference performance

Contents

中文摘要

Abstract

1. Intercultural communication

2. The connotation of values

3. Values and culture

4. Introduction of Hofstede and his power distance

4.1Enviromental adaptation

4.1.1Western Environmental adaptation

4.1.2Chinese Environmental adaptation

4.2Historical factors

4.2.1The historical factors of China

4.2.2The historical factors of the West

4.3Philosophical basis of thinking pattern

4.3.1Chinese philosophical basis of thinking pattern

4.3.2 Western philosophical basis of thinking pattern

5. The origin and the formation of Chinese value

5.1The economic factor:

5.2The political factor

6. The origin and the formation of the western value

6.1The economic factor:

6.2The political factor

7. Differences between Chinese and Western values

7.1The mainstream of value

7.2 Competition awareness

7.3Self-supporting consciousness

7.4 The concept of time and efficiency

7.5Family concept

8. The manifestation of the difference between Chinese and Western values

8.1 Individualization and collectivization awareness.

8.1.1The individualized awareness of the Westerners.

8.1.2The collectivization consciousness of the Orientals

8.2 Different attitudes towards the distribution of rights.

8.3Difference of thinking pattern

9.Conclusion

References:

Acknowledgements