Abstract：It is an indisputable fact that translation is a kind of art. With the development of internationalization, translation, as a very important means of communication between different languages and cultures，has been given special attention .The language comparison should be carried out on the following aspects: the comparison based between the two relative languages or non-relative languages, or the comparison based on the two forms of a languages .Lv Shuxiang once remarked that it is necessary to study and understand the other languages if the characteristics of the Chinese language want to be recognized. The process of the English-Chinese translation mainly involves two aspects， namely ，comprehension and reproduction. The correct understanding can produce the accurate expression .Owing to the great differences existing in the English and Chinese languages ，the comparison between the Chinese language and the English language is of great importance. 

Based on the fundamental theories of comparative linguistics and translation studies, this thesis makes a study of the differences between Chinese and English nouns by comparing and analyzing the category, range, and the word-building features of the English and Chinese nouns，aims to provide effective approaches to the translation of English Chinese nouns.

Key words: contrast；noun；difference；translation

CONTENTS

摘要

Abstract

1.Introduction-1

1.1 Background of the Research-1

1.2 Purpose of the Research-1

1.3 Significance of the Research-1

2.Contrastive Linguistics and Contrastive Analysis-2

2.1 Definition of Contrastive Linguistics-2

2.2 Features of Contrastive Analysis-2

2.3Importance about Contrastive Analysis-2

3.Definition of Characteristics and Classification about English noun and Chinese noun-3

3.1 The definition of English noun-3

3.2The basic characteristics of English noun and Chinese noun-3

3.3 The classification of English noun and Chinese noun-4

3.3.1 Classification of Chinese noun-4

3.3.2 Classification of English noun-4

3.3 The Nouns and the noun phenomenon-5

4.Differences on English noun and Chinese noun-6

4.1 Gender, Number, Changes of Case-6

4.2 nouns morphological changes-6

4.3 Category of the Number-7

4.4 summary-8

5.Bilingualtranslation of English and Chinese Nouns-8

5.1Problems of Translation about the common noun-8

5.2 Comparing the differences meaning of landlord and martyrs in Chinese and English-9

5.3 The Relative Problems-10

6.Conclusion-10

References-11

Acknowledgements-12