Abstract

Time management (TM) and effort management (EM), functioning as important resource managements in learning strategies, have been studied widely and respectively. This study focuses on finding the correlation between TM and EM and the influence that two managements have on students’ performance at school. Short-range planning, time attitudes and long-range planning are adopted as subscales in time management, while attributions to effort, mood, self-talk, persistence and self-reinforcement in effort management. The research employs two questionnaires, one test and an interview as measuring instruments. 90 students in one senior high school in Zhejiang Province are participated in the research. The data is processed by PASW 18 and finally, some conclusions and educational implications are drawn.

Keywords: time management; effort management; correlation;

Contents

Abstract

摘  要

1. Introduction-1

1.1 Learning Strategies-1

1.2 Time Management-1

1.3 Effort Management-2

1.4 The Significance of the Research-3

2. Research Design-4

2.1 Research Questions-4

2.2 Subjects-4

2.3 Research Instruments-4

2.3.1 Questionnaire-4

2.3.2 Test-5

2.3.3 Interview-5

2.4 Procedure-5

3. Data Collection and Analysis-6

3.1 The Results of two Questionnaire surveys-6

3.1.1 Reliability-6

3.1.2 Item Descriptives-6

3.2 The Correlation between school performances with TM and EM-8

3.3 The Correlation between results of the TMQ and EMQ-9

3.4 The Result of the Test-10

3.5 The Results of the Interview-10

4. Conclusion-12

4.1 Major Findings-12

4.2 Educational Implications-12

4.3 Limitations in the Study-12

References-13

Appendix-14

1. Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ, Chinese Version)-14

2. Effort Management Questionnaire (EMQ, Chinese Version)-15

3. Design Test-16

4. Question list of interview-16