摘要:英国著名作家哈代的长篇小说《德伯家的苔丝》是一部经典的作品，它具有维多利亚时期哈代威塞克斯系列的特点，通过描述人物性格与环境相的冲突斗争，对旧有观念和落后制度进行批判。其中苔丝作为小说的女主人公深受传统习俗和社会制度的迫害继而勇敢反抗人生，成为经典的女性形象。本文致力于论述证实苔丝矛盾复杂的人物性格并通过原作例证分析其形成原因。苔丝的复杂性格包括纯真与善良，孝顺与坚贞，勇敢与坚强，自我牺牲和反抗精神，天性冲动和软弱隐忍等等。此外，探究苔丝特定性格特点的形成原因，除了个人性格以及家庭教育等原因外，重点研究维多利亚时期的社会原因，包括固有思想，宗教信仰因素以及当时的男权制度和传统贞操观因素等。在对原著分析的过程中，本文发现苔丝性格与社会环境的关系密切相关，对新时代的女性地位也有深远影响。

关键词：性格；环境；反抗；社会原因

Abstract:The famous British writer Thomas Hardy's novel Tess of the d ' Urbervilles is a classic novel, it has the characteristics of the Victorian Wessex series by describing the contradictories between the characters and the environment to criticize the old concept and unenlightened system. Tess, as the heroine of the novel, was deeply persecuted by the traditional customs and social system, then she bravely resisted life and became the classic female image. This paper is devoted to the discussion of the character of Tess's contradictory and complicated personalities and analysis of its reasons proved by the original example from the text. Tess's complexity includes innocence and goodness, filial piety and loyalty, bravery and firmness, self-sacrifice and self-resistance, submission and weakness in nature, and so on. Besides, in addition to the reasons of individual character, family and education, the paper probes into the social causes of the Victorian period, including the inherent thought, the religious belief factors, the patriarchal system and the traditional chastity view factors. In the process of analyzing the original works, this paper finds that Tess's character is closely related to the social environment and has far-reaching influence on women's status in the new era.

Key Words：Personalities；Environment；Resist；Social Reasons

Contents

中文摘要

Abstract

1. Introduction-1

1.1 About the author-1

1.2 About the novel-1

1.3 Thesis-2

2. Tess’s personalities-3

2.1 Simplicity and kindness-4

2.2 Piety and loyalty-5

2.3 Submission and sheepishness-7

2.4 Instinct urge and cowardliness-8

2.5 Courage and resistance-9

3. The origins of Tess’s personalities-11

3.1 Personal reasons-11

3.2 Family influence-12

3.3 The social background of Victorian era-13

3.3.1 Hardy’s creating background and literature techniques-13

3.3.2 Religion and morality-14

3.3.3The patriarchal society-17

3.3.4 Traditional chastity-19

4. Conclusion-22

4.1 Tess’s personalities-22

4.2 The origins of Tess’s personalities-22

4.3 Realistic significance-23

References