中文摘要：现如今，非言语交际的重要性在跨文化交际中越来越显而易见。众所周知，人们的交际类型可大致划分为言语交际和非言语交际两大类。然而，人们一直以来都倾向于以言语交流而非言语交流为中心。事实上，作为交际中最重要的辅助手段之一，非语言交际在人们的交际中起着不可替代的作用，特别是在跨文化交际中。为了增强人们对非言语交际的理解和提高人们在日常生活中的非言语交际能力，本文首先从非言语交际的文献综述入手，解析其相关内涵，分析非言语交际相对于言语交际的特点，然后研究跨文化环境中的非言语文化冲突，以及非言语交际中的活动所体现的不同文化意蕴，希望能够帮助人们认识到非言语交际在跨文化交际中的重要地位，并学会在日常跨文化交际活动中观察识别出文化冲突导致的非言语行为的差异。最后，本文为如何消除跨文化交际冲突提供了一些有效措施，希望能够帮助人们在日常生活中进行和谐顺畅的跨文化交际活动。

关键词：非言语交际；跨文化交际；文化冲突；文化意蕴

Contents

Acknowledgments

Abstract

中文摘要

1Introduction- 1

1.1Research Background- 1

1.2The Purpose of the Study- 2

1.3The Significance of the Study- 3

1.4The Structure of the Research Thesis- 4

1.5Research Methods- 5

1.5.1Literature Method- 5

1.5.2Comparative Analysis- 5

2Literature Review- 6

2.1The Definition of Nonverbal Communication- 6

2.2The Classification of Nonverbal Communication- 7

2.2.1The Body Posture Language- 7

2.2.2Environment Language- 7

2.2.3The Object Language- 8

2.2.4The Paralanguage- 8

2.3The Function of Nonverbal Communication- 9

2.3.1Repeat Function- 9

2.3.2Negative Function- 9

2.3.3Alternative Function- 10

2.3.4Supplementary Function- 10

2.3.5Adjustment Function- 10

2.3.6Emphasis Function- 11

2.4The Role of Nonverbal Communication in Intercultural Communication- 11

3Cultural Connotations and Cultural Conflicts in Intercultural Communication- 14

3.1 The Cultural Connotations Embodied by Nonverbal Communication- 14

3.1.1Cultural Differences in Physical Contact- 14

3.1.2Cultural Differences in Postures- 15

3.1.3Cultural Differences in the Attitude towards Time- 16

3.1.4Cultural Difference in Color Connotations- 17

3.2Cultural Conflicts in Nonverbal Communication- 19

3.2.1Different cultural backgrounds, different nonverbal behaviors.- 21

3.2.2One meaning for an action in one culture, but many in other cultures.- 22

3.2.3Some nonverbal behaviors exist in some cultures, but they do not mean anything in other cultures.- 22

4Strategies to Overcome Intercultural Communication Conflicts- 24

4.1The Cultivation of Awareness of Cultural Differences- 24

4.2Measures to Overcome Obstacles in Nonverbal Communication in Intercultural Communication- 25

4.2.1Avoiding the Negative Transfer of Culture to Intercultural Communication- 25

4.2.2Cultivating the awareness of "cultural empathy"- 25

4.2.3Considering the feelings, thoughts, and experiences of others- 26

4.2.4Paying attention to the appropriateness of communicative behaviors- 26

4.2.5Learning to respect and do as the Romans do- 26

5Conclusion- 28

References- 29