中文摘要:口译是一种复杂的动态的交际行为，是高强度的脑力劳动，时常受到心理状态的干扰。在很多情况下，译员会因为紧张、自卑、焦躁、胆怯等心理因素影响口译行为的正常进行和口译能力的正常发挥。另外，口译相较笔译而言对译员的要求更高，译员在有效地输入信息的同时还要处理大量信息，时间的紧迫性要求译员将一种语言在脑中运用记忆系统经过短时加工后输出成为另一种语言，还要保证信息交换的准确性，这更加考验译员的心理承受能力。因此，译员的基本素质中最关键的一点就是译员的心理素质。然而目前的翻译教学实践，只注重教授译员相关的技巧策略和知识面的拓宽，而忽视对译员心理素质的培养和锻炼。本文以认知心理学的为理论基础，论述影响译员的常见的心理障碍，并探索分析其特点及原因。最后，提出了在口译教学中培养译员心理素质的对策，以帮助译员克服心理障碍，提高心理素质。

关键词：口译；认知心理学；心理障碍；对策

Contents

Abstract

中文摘要

Chapter 1 Introduction-1

Chapter 2 Literature Review-3

2.1 Definitions and Characteristics of Interpreting-3

2.1.1 Definitions of Interpreting-3

2.1.2 Characteristics of Interpreting-3

2.2 The Development of Interpreting Research (IR) in the West-3

2.3 The Development of Interpreting Research (IR) in China-4

2.4 The Cognitive Psychological Approach to IR-4

2.4.1 Introduction-4

2.4.2 Schema Theory-5

2.4.3 Memory Psychology Theory-5

Chapter 3 Psychological Obstacles in Interpreting-7

3.1 Introduction-7

3.2 Some Types of Psychological Obstacles in Interpreting-7

3.2.1 Nervousness-7

3.2.2 Self-humiliation-8

3.2.3 Timidity-8

3.2.4 Eagerness-8

3.2.5 Regret-8

3.3Analysis of Psychological Obstacles Above-9

3.3.1 Bearing Too Much Stress-9

3.3.2 Lack of Related Background Knowledge-9

3.3.3 Suffering from STM & LTM-9

Chapter 4 Coping Strategies-11

4.1 From the Aspect of Teachers-11

4.1.1 Creating Appropriate Interpreting Training Atmosphere-11

4.1.2 Offering More Chances to Students-12

4.1.3 Guiding Students to Use Physical Movements to Adjust Their Psychology-12

4.1.4 Enriching Teaching Methods and Arranging Teaching Content Elaborately-12

4.2 From the Aspect of Interpreters-13

4.2.1 Good Preparatory Work-13

4.2.2 Gaining Confidence from Practice-13

4.2.3 Handling and Solving Mistakes Properly-13

4.2.4 Learning to Alleviate Pressure-14

Chapter 5 Conclusion-15

References-16

Acknowledgements-17