Abstract: In intercultural communication, most English learners have realized that English learning involves more than just acquiring the sounds, the grammar, and the new vocabulary. It requires acquiring the ability of using English appropriately as well, which is defined by linguists as pragmatic competence. The lack of English learners’ pragmatic ability is one of the main obstacles which lead to communicative misunderstandings in the process of cross-cultural communication. In order to examine how well Chinese students have developed their pragmatic competence, what kind of pragmatic failures Chinese students are likely to produce in cross-cultural communication, the present study carries out a research in the form of questionnaire among the college English Majors. Through analyzing the pragmatic failures, accuracy, especially appropriateness of college students in applying English to real communication, and investigating the factors that influence the pragmatic competence of college students during the English learning, some suggestions and practicable remedies are given to improve their English pragmatic competence at the end of this study.

Key words: pragmatic competence; college English learning; pragmatic failure

摘要：在跨文化交流中，英语学习者认识到英语学习不仅仅是学习语音，语法和新词汇，同样也要求习得合理使用英语的能力，这是语言学家对语用能力的定义。英语学习者语用能力的缺乏是跨文化交流中导致交际错误最主要的阻碍因素。为了检测中国学生怎么样很好的发展语用能力，中国学生在跨文化交流中容易产生哪种语用失误，本文针对英语专业大学生做了一个问卷调查。最后通过分析语用失误，准确性，尤其是大学生将英语运用到实际交流中的适当性，并且调查在英语学习中影响大学生语用能力水平的原因,提出了一些有效措施，来改善学生的语用能力。

关键词：语用能力; 大学英语学习; 语用失误