Abstract：Tomas Hardy is a famous British realist writer and poet. Jude the Obscure is one of the representatives of his “novels of character and environment”. The book mainly talks about the tragic life of the protagonist -Jude, manifests the pain and desperation of people in low social status who failed to realize their ambitions, and criticizes Victorian society and humanity. Jude’s tragedies are mainly caused by social and personal factors, and are also influenced by Hardy’s naturalism. His tragedies, in its essence, are the result of the conflict between personal pursuits and social reality, which gives great realistic significance to human and society.

     Key words: Tomas Hardy Jude the Obscure Jude cause tragedies

Content

摘要：

Abstract:

Introduction-1

Chapter one-2

1.1 Social background-2

1.2Victorian education-3

1.3Victorian marriage and religion-4

Chapter two-7

2.1Kindness, sensitivity and diligence-8

2.2Poor willpower and weakness-9

2.3 Unreality and indecision-10

Chapter three-12

3.1Hardy’s naturalism and its resource-12

3.2Hereditary factors in the tragedies-13

3.3Environmental factors in the tragedies-13

Conclusion-14

4.1 The tragedies of multiple factors-14

4.2The similarity between Victorian society and our present society-16

4.3Suggestions-17

Bibliography-17

Acknowledgement-18