Abstract: The process of second language acquisition is affected by several factors, some of which can facilitate this process, while others can hinder it. This paper will illustrate positive transfer and negative transfer from phonetic, lexical, syntactical level and find out the ways to take the advantage of positive transfer and maximally eliminate negative transfer.

Key words: second language acquisition, mother tongue, positive transfer, negative transfer

摘要: 我们在学习第二语言时，会受到诸多因素的影响，某些因素能促进二语学习，而有些因素则会阻碍二语学习，本文将从语音、词法、句法等层面阐述二语学习中的正负迁移，找出充分发挥正迁移，最大限度的减少负迁移的方法。

关键词: 第二语言习得，母语，正迁移，负迁移