Abstract: Since the systematical difference, cultural diversity and language barrier exist between the Orient and the Occident, Chinese scholars often run into troubles in translating foreign names, places and specific terms. It may go worse when translating Chinese civil service system into English. China has an unwieldy and complicated bureaucratic apparatus with regular and temporary official posts of all descriptions. Therefore, it is rather difficult for foreigners to understand. Even Chinese people often get confused if they do not specialize in this field. This paper probes into the features and strategies shown in this field on the cultural basis.

Key words: bureaucratic apparatus, features, strategies, cultural basis

摘要：由于东西方制度的不同、文化的差异、语言的隔阂，中国学者往往会对国外人名地名、专有术语的翻译感到为难，涉及到中国古代官职的翻译更是棘手。中国具有庞大复杂的官僚系统，既有数目巨大的固定官职，又有形形色色的临时差遣。即使是中国人碰到这类词语也是一筹莫展，因为他们并不专攻这个领域。本篇论文试图从文化角度对其翻译特点及策略作必要的探索和研究。

关键词：官僚系统，特点，策略，文化基础