Abstract: This article analyzes the negative transfer of first language in acquisition of vocabulary in second language in terms of pronunciation, morphology, meaning and collocation, aiming at strengthening the students’ understanding of negative transfer of first language in every aspect of the acquisition of vocabulary in second language, and being gradually conscious of decreasing the influence of negative transfer. At the same time, it can effectively help teachers guide students to find the differences in the use of vocabulary in the two languages and thus reduce the errors caused by negative transfer through some useful countermeasures such as comparing Chinese and Western cultures, paying attention to the connotations and collocations of words and increasing reading and reciting.

Key words: negative transfer; first language; acquisition of L2 vocabulary 

摘要：本文从词汇音、形、义、词汇搭配的方面来分析母语负迁移对二语词汇习得的影响，旨在加强学生了解二语词汇习得各个环节中的母语负迁移，逐渐有意识减少负迁移因素的影响。同时可以有效地帮助教师指导学生通过对比中西方文化，注重词汇内涵和搭配以及增加阅读和背诵找到两种语言在词汇方面的差异，减少负迁移引起的错误。

关键词：负迁移；母语；二语词汇习得