Abstract:Against a background of political multi-polarization, culture diversity, and economic globalization, Chinese people have introduce to the world the great concept of building a harmonious world. This dissertation is based on the studies of the Analects, the Mencius and other Confucian classics, sketching out some principles of Confucianism which is the philosophical foundation of building a harmonious world, such as the proposition of “human nature is good”, the policy of benevolence, the idea of “people as root”, the doctrine of Mean, the value of “being harmony but not monotony”, the importance on “learning” and the theory of “seeking common grounds while shelving differences”. Then it discussed Confucianism’s realistic significance on building a harmonious world in aspects of politics, economy, culture, and environment and opposed the absurd argument of “China threat”

Keywords: Confucianism; building a harmonious world; people as root; seeking common grounds while shelving differences

摘要:在政治多极化、文化多元化、经济全球化的背景下，中国人提出了构建和谐世界的伟大理念。本文通过深入分析《论语》、《孟子》等中国儒家文学典籍，概述构建和谐世界的哲学基础，即儒家文化的原则与观点，诸如“人性本善”前提、施行“仁政”的治国理念、“以人为本”的思想、“中庸”的处世之道、“和而不同”的价值、对“学”的重视，以及“求同存异”的态度，进而探讨儒学文化对于构建和谐世界在政治、经济、军事、文化、环保等方面的指导意义与价值。

关键词：儒家文化；构建和谐世界；民本；求同存异

　　　The 21 century has witnessed the emergences of political multi-polarization, culture diversity, and economic globalization. Against such a background, the renewed study of Confucianism suddenly caught fire among scholars and became an unexpectedly hot arena for research and public interest that attracted world’s attention. As Peter F. Drucker said, “Confucianism is a universal ethic in which the rules and imperatives of behavior hold for all individuals.’’ (Peter F. Drucker, 1981) Against such a background of revived interest of Contemporary Confucianism by intellectuals around the world, a philosophy of harmony has become a systematic philosophy, a creation toward a new path for contemporary development in Chinese philosophical studies. In response to this philosophic theory, a new concept, building a harmonious world, has been raised up in politics. This concept was first proposed by Hu Jintao, president of People’s Republic of China, in Asia-Africa Summit in 2005. Later, this concept has been repeatedly featured in Chinese meetings, policies, and media. It has been transferred from a single slogan to a fundamental policy and a strategic objective, becoming a backbone of China’s foreign policy of new period and new stage. It’s not only an important theoretical innovation on China’s foreign affairs, but also a principle and purpose of China’s foreign policy.