摘要:本次设计主要讲述捞渣机的控制原理，说明了用PLC控制的具体方法，实现捞渣机的智能控制，从而实现工厂中捞渣的实际工作效率大大提升。在粗铁冶炼的过程中，首先将铁块进行加热，使其融化成为液态铁水，然后再对铁水进行提纯处理。粗铁中含有大量的杂质，再融化状态下的铁水中，这些杂质会以浮渣的形式浮于铁水上，此时需要人工进行捞渣，但是由于温度过高，部分铁水会发生氧化作用，形成氧化铁，氧化铁与浮渣粘连后具有较高的的粘性，无疑就增加了操作人员的操作复杂过程和捞渣的困难程度。

　　　随着国内煤化工行业的发展,先后引进英荷壳牌集团煤粉加压气化造气技术、美国德士古水煤浆加压气化造气技术、德国鲁奇造气技术等。其排渣技术和设备相对主装置比较简单,国内制造业能力完全可以满足设计要求,符合辅助技术国产化的政策。通过电气工程的控制，能够将困难的问题简单化，在新的行业背景下，自动化显得越来越重要，发挥着不可替代的作用。

　　　第一部分主要介绍国内外捞渣机的研究现状和发展趋势，包括捞渣机的特点以及创新之处。第二部分主要讲解捞渣机的硬件设计，包括液压泵、液压马达、液压缸以及液压元件的选型。第三部分主要分析电路原理图，它的工作原理。第四比分主要设计PLC控制系统。

关键词：智能捞渣机  电气控制系统  PLC  梯形图

Abstract:This design is mainly about the control principle of slag dragging machine, illustrates the specific method of PLC control, intelligent control of slag dragging machine, so as to realize the slag of actual working efficiency in the factory is greatly improved. In the process of crude iron smelting, the iron is heated, the melt into liquid iron, then the molten iron is purified. Contains a lot of impurities in crude iron, then the melt state of molten iron, the impurities are the scum floats on the molten iron, this time need artificial slag, but because the temperature is too high, some iron oxidation will occur, the formation of iron oxide, iron oxide and dross adhesion with high viscosity, will undoubtedly increase the complicated operation process of operators and the degree of difficulty to slag.

　　　With the development of coal chemical industry, has been the introduction of coal gasification of Royal Dutch Shell gasification technology, the United States Texaco water coal slurry pressurized gasification gasification technology, Germany Lu Qizao gas technology. The slagging technology and equipment relative to the main device is simple, the domestic manufacturing capacity can meet the design requirements, consistent with domestic technology policy. Through the control of electrical engineering, the difficulty problem simple, in the new industry background, automation is becoming more and more important, plays an irreplaceable role.

　　　The first part mainly introduces the research status and development trend of domestic and foreign slag dragging machine, including the characteristics of slag dragging machine and innovation. The second part mainly explains the hardware design of slag dragging machine, including hydraulic pump, hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinder, rotary table and transmission gear box. The third part mainly analyzes the circuit principle diagram, its working principle. Control system design of PLC fourth score.

Keywords: Intelligent slag dragging machine; electric control system; plc; ladder chart

　　　目前，我国正面临从钢铁大国到钢铁强国的过渡时期，民族的钢铁工业正在面临着非常激烈的市场竞争，原材料、能源价格的上涨和供应的短缺。必须自主创新，走出中国特色的发展民族钢铁工业的道路，必须实现几代钢铁人的梦想，能够早日成为钢铁强国，那是我们义不容辞责任。

　　　  粗铁的冶炼是一种将粗铁铁块加热，成为液态铁进行冶炼的工艺，粗铁冶炼能够提升粗铁的精细程度，应用于对铁具有较高性能要求的领域。