摘要：存现句是现代汉语中句法形式和表意功能都比较特殊的一个句式，它是存在句和隐现句的合称。在汉语存现句的习得过程中，留学生常会出现一些偏误，如词语的遗漏、冗余、替代、句式杂糅、错序等。外国留学生习得存现句过程中产生偏误的主要原因有：母语的负迁移、目的语的负迁移、学习策略和学习环境的影响等。对存现句偏误的分析，有助于外国学生更好地学习这一句式，也有助于我们更好地进行对外汉语教学。同时也能帮助我们更好地认识自己的母语。

关键词：存现句；偏误分析；教学建议

Abstract: Existential sentences are special sentences in Modern Chinese in terms of syntax and semantics. It is a combination of existence sentences and fugitive sentences. When acquiring existential sentences, foreign students often make some errors, such as omission, redundancy, substitution of words, or confusion and disorder of sentences. The main reasons of these errors are as follows: negative transfer of mother tongue, the generalization of target language rules,and hardly mastery of semantic structure characteristics. Analyzing these errors not only promotes our external Chinese education, but also facilitates the learning of existential sentences of foreign students. In addition, it can make us better understand our mother tongue.  

Key words: Existential sentences; Analyze errors; Teaching suggestions