摘要：“知识”与“知遇”二词在现代汉语中意义指向均较为单一，且使用较为频繁，但是因为“知识”和“知遇”作为同素族词语，结构类似，且都从上古汉语沿用至今，所以对二者进行词义比较研究相当于为词义研究提供了一个典型个案。笔者通过对“知识”和“知遇”进行溯源，并探究二者各自的词义演变，比较分析在上古、中古、近现代三大时段内，“知识”和“知遇”的主要义项。然后运用认知理论、隐喻理论等对“知识”“知遇”二词在修辞、语义、语用、语境等方面的异同进行比较论证。文末对全文进行总结，并就该研究可取之处和局限之处加以论述。

关键词：知识 知遇 词义辨析

Abstract: “Zhi shi” and “zhi yu” have simple meanings and frequent use in modern Chinese. However, they are two words formed from the same morpheme and have similar structures. Both of them have been in use since the beginning of ancient Chinese. As a consequence, the comparative research on the meanings of these two words functions as a typical case for the study of words’ meanings. By tracing down the origins of these two words and exploring the development of their meanings, the author compares and analyzes their main senses in the three major periods in the development of Chinese. Moreover, the author endeavors to compare the differences of the two words in regards of rhetoric, semantics, pragmatics and contexts by means of some cognitive linguistic and metaphor theories. This thesis concludes with some comments on the highlights and also weak points of this research. 

Keywords: zhi shi  zhi yu  Meaning differentiate