内容摘要: 作为二十世纪八十年代“先锋文学”代表作家之一——余华，《活着》是其转变创作风格后的作品。作者刻画的具有鲜明性格特征的主人公福贵，在经历一系列历史与人事变迁后，依然坚忍地活着。他是那个时代千万劳苦大众的缩影，蕴含着深刻的中华民族传统文化及精神的强大根基。此文着重论述中国传统文化对福贵形象的影响和塑造。

关键词：余华；《活着》；福贵；坚忍；传统文化

Abstract: As the one of the representative writers of the Pioneer Literature in 1980s----Yu Hua changed his writing style of avant-garde narrative into the traditional narrative way. To Live, the work, witnessed this significant conversion. Moreover, in his work, the leading character Fu Gui has a distinct personality trait portrayed by the author. Although Fu Gui experienced numerous huge historical and personnel changes, he still lived steadfastly. He is an epitome of millions of the laboring people in that period. Furthermore, this character even contains a strong foundation of the traditional Chinese culture and spirit. This article focuses on that the traditional Chinese culture influenced and shaped on Fu Gui.

Key words: Yu Hua; To Live; Fu Gui; steadfastly; Chinese traditional culture

　　余华这部划时代的作品《活着》，塑造了一个既能代表一代人，又能凝聚一个民族的灵魂的主人公——福贵。在政治动荡的背景下，中国四十到七十年代里所发生的一切灾难，都直接或间接不幸地降临在福贵以及他的家人身上。正所谓“千钧一发”，福贵毅然挑起了千万斤巨大苦难的重担，温情地受难，坚忍地活着；然而他存在的意义，就只为活着而活着。福贵的形象是悠久的中国传统文化及精神的沉淀，蕴含着我们中华民族特有的勤劳、善良、不屈不挠的品格；但其性格特征的复杂性与两面性，既孕有精华也必然含有糟粕，他是那个特殊时代千万劳动人民的典型代表，他让我们看到了那一代中国人这四十多年来是怎样熬过来的。

　　下文主要从积极与消极两个方面来深入论述在中国传统文化及精神的深刻烙印下——“福贵式”的“活着”，以帮助我们辩证地看待传统文化的利与弊，进而让传统文化及精神的优秀内核继续传承与发扬光大。