【摘要】：中国当代文学史上，余华是一位极为重要的作家。他的小说创作，可以分为前后两个时期，前期作品具有鲜明的先锋小说的特征，后期创作回归现实主义。相较于余华早期作品的血腥、暴力，他后期作品风格逐渐变得温和，人物情感也更加细腻。本论文旨在通过对余华后期长篇小说《活着》、《许三观卖血记》和《兄弟》的剖析，从作品主题、作品人物、叙述形式等方面具体论述余华后期现实主义转型的表现，然后深入分析影响现实主义转型的原因，最后对其作品中的现实性进行评价，指出其现实性中的不足及当代意义。

【关键词】：余华；现实性；《活着》；《许三观卖血记》；《兄弟》

[Abstract]：In the Chinese present age history of literature, Yu Hua is an extremely important writer. His novel creation, may divide into two times, the preliminary work has the bright cutting edge novel characteristic, later period creates the return realism. Compares to the early time work rank smell of blood, the violence, the later period work gradually becomes temperate, the character emotion is also more exquisite. This paper is for the purpose of through three creations, from aspects and subject, character, to discuss Yu Hua’s later period the realism reforming performance, then analysis the reason of influence realism reforming, finally carries on the appraisal to in its work feasibility, points out its insufficient and the contemporary significance.

[Key words]:   Yu  Hua;  realism;  Alive;   the blood selling record of Xu Sanguan ;  brothers