[摘要]《寒夜》是巴金于1944年开始创作，最终发表于1946年，代表其创作艺术最高成就的作品。《寒夜》是巴金先生在旧社会最后一部创作，也是他迄今为止最后一部长篇小说。巴金在《寒夜》中成功地塑造了三个人物形象，特别是曾树生——书中的女主人公，她一直以来都是一个饱受非难、争议的人物，并以其丰富性和复杂性拨动着我们的心弦。同时，也是一部充满着浓郁悲剧色彩的小说。关于《寒夜》的悲剧内涵，前人已从社会、文化、性格等不同的角度进行深有力的挖掘。有的研究者认为《寒夜》的悲剧是消耗性结构的悲剧，其悲剧的实质在于家庭结构中善善相加不是善，好好相加不是好，最终导致“好人的悲剧”；有的则认为其悲剧内涵在于人物独立人格的缺失。本文将这一中国现代文学史上杰出的悲剧作品置于“女性主体意识”觉醒这样一个广泛而深刻的时代命题之下加以考察，从女性经济地位的独立、女性精神上的独立以及女性性意识的萌动等三个层面阐述女主人公曾树生主体意识觉醒的具体表现；并通过女性生存困境的探讨进一步揭示人物悲剧命运，从中透视出作品的深层悲剧内涵。

[关键词]《寒夜》困境 物质 精神 文化 女性主体意识

[Abstract] Cold night was written by Ba Jin started in 1944 and published in 1946, represented for the highest achievement of his works. At the same time, it is filled with tragedy color. About "Cold night" the tragedy connotation, the predecessor has carried on the deep powerful excavation from different angles，for example the society, the culture, the disposition and so on. Some researchers think Cold night of the tragedy is the tragedy which consumes sex structure, the substance of its tragedy lies in family structure in kind add mutually is not kind, add very and mutually is not good, end cause "the tragedy of the good man"; Have of think then its tragedy content lies in person independence the imperfection of the personality. This text places this top outstanding tragedy work of the Chinese contemporary literature history to set question so in "female corpus consciousness" awakening for an extensive but deep ages under take in to investigate, from the female and economic position of independence, female spirit of independent and the female realize of the move etc. three levels elaborate hostess Mr. once the tree living corpus consciousness an awakening of concrete performance; The study which passes a female to exist a predicament also announces to public person tragedy, seeing through a deep tragedy content of work from  it.

[Key words]　Cold night  difficult position  material  spirit  culture  the feminine consciousness