摘要:姚鄂梅在小说中塑造了一系列不同遭遇、不同命运的农村底层人物形象，他们中有因农村教育观念的淡薄而求学梦碎的“无知”少年，有被命运擒住、只能以弱肩担重负的乡村少年，有为生存攀枝附叶却机关算尽的失梦青年，也有寻求良心救赎却被都市的冷漠无情践踏的善良女子。这些底层人物的塑造真实地展现了农村底层人民的生活状态，丰富了当代文学中底层人物的画廊。有着城乡间游走经历的姚鄂梅在为底层表述的时候能站在底层人的立场上去看待苦难、真实地表达出农村底层民众尤其是底层女性的心声和诉求，其知识分子的身份又使其站在知识分子的立场上对农村底层给予指引和批判，让读者更加了解了农村底层民众的生活状态，引发更多的社会关注。

关键词 姚鄂梅；农村底层人物形象；叙事视角；叙事意义

Abstract:Yao Emei shaped a series of underlying characters who have different experiences,and different rural . Among them there are pity children who drop out of school because of their weak consciousness of education .Some others have to To shoulder the burden of the family with their weak shoulders. For some young Migrant workers ,life is tough in the city. They Strives for the survival by hook or by crook .These underlying characters shape truly showed the underlying state of people's life, enriched the underlying characters in contemporary literature gallery. yao Emei ,the woman writer who Has migration between urban and rural experience , can stand in the position to go up and view their suffering, especially the women .Her works truly express the common people's wishes and demands, as that of the intellectuals and make it stand on the position of intellectuals to the rural underlying give guidance and criticism, let the reader know more about the life of the people of the underlying condition, cause more and more attention, this is also the meaning of work.

Keywords  Yao Emei  the rural underlying characters  narrative views  the significance of narrative

　　　关于姚鄂梅小说中农村底层叙事的研究目前还停留在刚刚起步的阶段，仅仅瞿淑华的《从女性主义到文化关怀》中提到了姚鄂梅对农村底层，尤其是农村底层女性命运的关注。本文主要对姚鄂梅小说中的农村底层叙事进行探讨，力求通过对其人物形象、叙事视角及农村底层叙事的意义的探究，加深对其农村底层叙事的理解。

　　　迄今为止，对姚鄂梅小说中的农村底层叙事的研究并不甚多，“姚鄂梅小说中的底层关注”这一主题多作为作家作品主题构成之一的形式存在于研究综述、作品述评之中，还没有人对这一视角进行过详尽的分析或者批评。本课题采用统计法、文本细读法和社会历史分析法，概括姚鄂梅小说中的农村底层人物形象及其叙事视角，对其叙事的意义进行进一步的探讨。