摘要：德沃夏克是十九世纪捷克最伟大的作曲家之一，捷克民族乐派的主要代表人物。德沃夏克共创作了10部歌剧，《水仙女》是他创作的最出名的一部歌剧。德沃夏克从小十分上进，他刻苦自学，并逐渐显露出音乐才能，创作了很多令人印象深刻的歌剧……《月亮颂》是德沃夏克创作的歌剧《水仙女》中著名的咏叹调，为歌剧《水仙女》第一幕中水仙女所唱，主要表现少女对爱情的渴望，对心爱王子的想念。歌曲平静婉转，色彩丰富，美妙动听，扣人心弦。本文拟在前人研究成果的基础上，对德沃夏克的歌剧《水仙女》的演唱技巧于艺术表现，作一初步的尝试性探考。就演唱这首歌曲的吐字，气息，技巧，曲式，艺术表现作较为深入的分析。旨在让更多人体会这首歌曲的艺术价值，更加明确演唱这首歌的技巧，更进一步表达内涵。同时，也能够提高自身的演唱水平，更全面地表现这首歌曲......

关键词：德沃夏克； 咏叹调； 演唱技巧； 艺术表现； 歌曲特点

Abstract: Dvorak is one of the greatest composers in Czech in nineteenth Century, the main representative of Czech folk music. Dvorak wrote 10 operas," water nymph" is his most famous opera. Dvorak was very motivated, he is assiduous self-study, and gradually showed musical ability, created many impressive opera ... ... " Moon Song" is the creation of Dvorak's opera" Rusalka" in the famous aria, opera" Rusalka" first act nymphs sings, main show girl longing for love, the beloved prince. The song calm tactfully, colorful, wonderful, exciting. This paper on the basis of previous research results, on Dvorak's opera" Rusalka" singing skills in the art performance, to make a preliminary attempt on the study of. They sing the song of articulation, breath, skills, artistic form, make relatively thorough analysis.. To let more people understand the song 's artistic value, more clearly sings this song skill, further expression. At the same time, also can improve singing level, more comprehensive performance of this song ... ...

Key words: Dvorak; aria; singing techniques; artistic expression; the song features

　　他的作品明朗欢快，自然清新，洋溢着民族的气息，经常用三拍子切分节奏和欢快的捷克舞曲题材，如《狂欢节序曲》、《斯拉夫舞曲》等。他还向他的学生、黑人作曲家 和男中音歌手伯莱学习，从而美国黑人、印第安人音调，以及五声音阶、民间调式在他的作品中得到大量使用，音乐的通俗性也很强，如他的《自新大陆交响曲》、《幽默曲》、《F大调弦乐四重奏》等多部优秀作品。德沃夏克的音乐配器色彩丰富，主题音调的旋律感很强，音乐恳切淳朴，作品的民族性表现得淋漓尽致。他的歌剧《水仙女》中的咏叹调《月亮颂》的音乐纯朴而真挚、色彩鲜明,节奏生动多变,旋律自然流畅,浸染着浓郁的乡土气息,具有一种难以抗拒的艺术魅力。咏叹调《月亮颂》能够充分地表现出德沃夏克的创作风格。