摘要：作为宪法学基本范畴之一的基本权利概念反映了一个国家宪法发展历史与文化传统。基本权利作为国家对公民的基本保障，它包含了许多方面。本文以历史文献分析为基础，对于公民基本权利的概念作了初步的分析，对基本权利的性质进行了简单的介绍，对基本权利的功能进行了一定的探讨，其中包括了基本权利的防御权功能、国家保护义务功能和健康权功能。并针对基本权利的功能提出自己的观点和看法，作出初步的研究探讨，为公民能够了解其享有的基本权利提供一些素材与经验。

关键词： 基本权利； 健康权； 防御权； 国家保护义务

Abstract:As one of the basic categories of basic constitutional rights concept reflects the traditional history and culture of a country's constitutional development.As a national basic rights of citizens' basic guarantee, it includes many aspects.In this paper, on the basis of historical literature analysis,For the concept of citizens' basic rights has made the preliminary analysis,certain discusses the function of the basic rights,their views are put forward based on the function of the basic rights and opinions,make a preliminary study,For the basic rights of citizens to understand its provide some material and experience.

Key Words:Basic rights;The right to health;The right to defense;The state protects obligations