内容摘要：《反垄断法》第五条是我国反垄断法的基本原则之一，也是我国反垄断法规制的双重目标之一，其内容是规定鼓励有效竞争和发展规模经济。规模经济是指由于企业的生产和经营规模的合理扩大而带来的企业经营成本下降经济效益提高的经济现象。分为外部规模经济和内部规模经济，反垄断法保护的规模经济更强调企业的外部规模经济，即规模经济对整个社会的经济效率的正面影响。保护规模经济与保护有效竞争、提高经济效率是相一致的，所以保护规模经济与反垄断法的价值意义是一致的。反垄断法鼓励有效竞争和发展规模经济的原则规定有益于反垄断法具体法律制度和条文的形成、补充和解释。

关键词：反垄断法  规模经济  有效竞争  经济效率  应用

Abstract: The fifth article of Anti-monopoly Law is one of the fundamental principles and dual goals in China’s antitrust law. This article is enacted to encourage the development of workable competition and economies of scale. Economies of scale refers to the economic phenomenon in which reduced enterprise operating costs and increased economic benefits are realized through reasonable production and expansion of scale. There are two kinds of scale economy, namely external economies of scale and internal economies of scale. The anti-trust law places more emphasis on protecting the latter— the positive impact economies of scale have on the economic efficiency of whole society. Protecting economies of scale is in accord with protecting effective competition and increasing economic efficiency. Therefore, protecting scale economy is in keeping with the theme of anti-monopoly law. The principle in Anti-monopoly Law, which encourages workable competition in the development of scale economy, is beneficial to form, to supplement and to interpret specific provisions. 

Key words: Anti—Monopoly Law, Economies of Scale, Workable Competition, Economic Efficiency, Application