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分类:经济与贸易 论文字数:11981 需要金币:1000个
摘要:自我国实施汇率改革政策以来,人民币呈现出不断升值的趋势,在此基础上,人民币汇率的变化会通过一定的作用机制对我国产业结构产生影响。本文首先对人民币升值的趋势变化和升值原因进行了阐述,继而通过理论分析和实证分析相结合的方法,在理论分析方面给出人民币汇率的变动对产业结构调整的三种有效传导途径, 即成本效应、外商直接投资以及就业结构,并且从人民币实际有效汇率的角度出发,在实证方面对时间序列数据进行平稳性检验,通过协整检验方法对人民币有效汇率的变动对我国产业结构的影响进行了相关实证分析。实证分析的结果表明,在我国三大产业中,人民币升值对第一产业产值变化的作用不是很明显,人民币升值与第二产业和第三产业的产值存在着长期的均衡关系,并且人民币升值对第三产业的产值增长的促进作用最为明显。所以,从长期的影响上来看,人民币升值会对我国产业结构产生影响,对我国产业结构的优化升级产生了一定的推动作用。
关键字:人民币升值;产业结构;影响
ABSTRACT:Since the implementation of rate reform policy in China,RMB shows a trend of constant appreciation.Based on this,the change of RMB’s exchange rate will have some impact on our country’s industrial structure through certain mechanisms.The paper first talks about the trend and the reasons of RMB appreciation.Through the combined method of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis,the paper gives three effective pathways , namely, cost effect, foreign direct investment and employment structure ,to explain how the exchange of RMB’s exchange rate affects the adjustment of industrial structure from the aspect of theoretical analysis.The paper also has stationarity test of the time series data from the perspective of the real effective exchange rate and gives related empirical analysis about how the exchange of RMB’s exchange rate affects the adjustment of industrial structure through the use of cointegration model test.The results show that the appreciation of the RMB’s effect on primary industry output value change is not obvious and there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between RMB apreciation and the production value of our nation’s secondary industry and tertiary industry.Besides,RMB appreciation shows the most obvious promoting effect on the output of the tertiary industry among the three major industries in China.So,form the view of long-term impact,RMB appreciation will impact China’s industrial structure, and has certain promoting effect on the optimization and upgrading of our nation’s industrial structure.
Keywords: RMB appreciation;industrial structure;effect
目前我们可以了解到,人民币升值对产业结构调整的影响并不是直接的,而是通过供给因素和需求因素的共同作用对我国产业结构产生影响。人民币升值可以供给的许多方面产生影响,主要包括基础资源的供给、资金的供给以及技术的进步等因素,而产业结构往往会随着这些因素的影响而产生变动;人民币升值也会引起消费需求发生变动,进而影响到我国相关产业的发展。就最终需求商品而言,人民币升值会使得我国进口商品价格降低,因此进口而来的商品在国内的竞争力大大加强,消费者会增加对进口商品的消费,若人民币升值幅度超过了一定的限度,我国相关行业会受到严重的打击,许多企业将可能被国外企业吞并乃至破产,所以我们无法确定这一影响是积极还是消极的。
因此,我们应该充分分析我国产业结构现状以及人民币升值所能带来的影响,扩大内需,健全相关制度,发挥国家政策的导向作用,同时要抓住人民币升值所带来的机遇,有效的规避风险,达到优化产业结构,促进产业结构升级的目标,保持我国经济持续健康稳定发展。