摘要:操作风险是指由不完善或有问题的内部操作过程、人员、系统或外部事件而导致的直接或间接损失的一种风险。商业银行个人住房贷款业务作为银行资产业务的主要业务之一，贷款资金的安全回收至关重要。因此，银行提升自身操作风险管理水平，不断规范银行个人住房贷款办理过程中的受理与调查、审查与审批、签约与发放、支付管理以及贷后管理程序，从而尽可能减少操作风险给银行带来损失和影响。对商业银行个人住房贷款操作风险研究不仅对银行业的健康发展有利，同时对于整个社会经济的良性发展具有很深的理论意义和现实意义。

　　　本文第一部分阐述了操作风险的相关含义，同时列举了一些操作风险的类型。此外，也对商业银行个人住房贷款的各业务环节操作风险进行了分析。第二部分则引入平衡计分卡的理念，使用平衡计分卡参与个人住房贷款各环节的评估与考核，使用这一方法对个人住房贷款业务人员加以监督和考核，积极监控操作风险。第三部分则提出在使用平衡计分卡参与商业银行个人商业住房贷款管理及其在实施过程中应注意的问题，最后提出了应对个人贷款操作风险的防范对策及建议，以便尽可能减少因操作风险给银行带来损失。

关键词：操作风险；个人商业住房贷款；平衡计分卡

Abstract:Operation risk is point to by not perfect or have a problem of internal operation process, the staff and the system or external events and lead to direct or indirect losses of a risk. commercial bank individual housing loan business as the bank assets of the main business of businesses, the safety of the loan recovery is very important. Therefore, banks to raise their operating risk management level, and constantly standard bank individual housing loan of accepting and investigation, examination and approval, signing and issue, pay management and loan program management, so as to minimize the risk to the bank operation damage and the influence. Personal housing loan to commercial banks operating risk is not only good for the health of the banking industry development centres, and at the same time for the whole social economic development has deep theoretical significance and practical significance. 

   The first part of this article expounds operating risks related meanings, also lists some type of operation risk. In addition, also analysis the commercial bank individual housing loan business links of the operation risk. The second part is introducing the concept of the balanced score card, and using the balanced score card to participate in personal housing loan of each section of evaluation and examination, to use this method to monitor and examine individual housing loan business personnel , monitor the operation risk actively. The third part puts forward in the using of the balanced scorecard involved in commercial bank individual commercial housing loan management ,and the problems should be noticed in the implementation process, and finanlly puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions about personal loan operational risk, so as to minimize the risk to the bank for operating losses 

Keywords: Operational risk， Personal housing loan business，Balanced Score Card