摘要：随着企业管理水平的不断提高，员工在企业中的地位也得到了提升。越来越多的企业开始意识到员工工作积极性的重要性，开始注重员工的各种需求，以满足他们的需求来提高他们的工作积极性,从而各种各样的奖励方式应运而生。然而企业家们在运用各自奖励方式的同时，是不是也忽略了这种奖励方式的负面效果呢？本文以奖励的负面效应研究为题，通过寻找、分析现存于各企业的一些奖励方式，找出其中可能带来的负面效应，最后提出改进、改善奖励方式的建议，使奖励的效果最优化，减少因奖励不当而造成的损失。

关键词：奖励；个人奖励；集体奖励；负面效应；对策

Abstract：Along with the enterprise management levels rising, employees' status in enterprise is also improved. More and more companies are beginning to realize the importance of staff's working enthusiasm, beginning to pay attention to staff's different demands, beginning to satisfy their needs to improve their work enthusiasm. Thus, various kinds of rewards ways arise. However, when these entrepreneurs using their reward ways, do they also ignore the negative effects of this reward way? This paper will be based on the topic of the negative effects of rewards, by finding, analysising some reward ways that are existing in some enterprises, find out the potential negative effects. Finally, propose the improvement suggestion, making the reward's effect best, reducing the loss for improper reward.

Keywords: Reward, Personal Reward, Collective Reward, Countermeasures

研究内容

　　　本课题主要研究什么样的奖励方式会产生怎样的负面效应，以及如何改进奖励方式能消除或者减弱这种负面效应。

　　　所研究的奖励方式分为两类：个人奖励和集体奖励。个人奖励中的研究对象又分为奖励对象本身、奖励对象所在组织中的其他人以及整个组织集体；集体奖励中的研究对象又分为奖励对象本身（也就是被奖励的集体）和集体中的个人。