摘要:村民自治发展至今已走过二十几个春秋，其极大地促进了农村经济的发展和社会的进步，但在实践运作中存在着村委会的换届选举未具体落实到位、村干部代表村民自治、村民自治管理效能低、各委托方对村委会的监督不力等问题，这不仅不利于村民自治的建设与发展，也不利于中国特色社会主义基层民主政治建设，同时也不利于社会主义新农村建设。为此，必须加强农村法制建设，规范和完善村民自治运行机制；合理界定乡政府、村党支部、村民与村委会之间的关系；提高村民法律意识和民主意识；加快农村经济文化等各项事业的发展，使村民自治得到不断完善和发展，从而更好地推进中国基层民主建设。为了了解村民自治的发展状况，笔者选择蒙自市小新村为调查样本。

关键词：村民自治；基层民主；自我管理；法制建设

ABSTRACT:The development of villager autonomy system has come through more than twenty spring and autumn up to now, it has greatly stimulated the development of rurally economies and social progress. However, some problems exist in practice. For example, the general election of village committees was not implemented in place, the village official stand for the villager autonomy, low self-government power, in inadequate supervision towards the village committees. These not only go against the construction and development of villager autonomy, but also go against the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics primary-level democracy. At the same time, these are bad for construction of the new socialistic countryside. For these reasons, strengthening the village legal construction is necessary, standardize and consummate the operational mechanism of villager autonomy. Rationally confine the relation of township government, village party, villagers and village committees. Improve the comprehensive quality of villagers. Expedite the development of rural economy and cultural and other undertakings. These can make the villager autonomy continuously improve and develop, thus better promote China’s primary-level democracy. In order to learn about the development of villager autonomy, the author choose Xiao xin village of Mengzi City for a survey sample. 

Keywords: villager autonomy; primary-level democracy; self-government; legal construction