摘要：信用评级业作为全球社会信用的重要构成，是防止和调节金融风险的有利方式，也是进行市场监督的重要途径。目前，国际信用评级市场被美国三大评级机构垄断，全球各地区都已认识到信用评级业的重要性，它对一国的整个金融市场、经济稳定安全和国家主权都有无法忽视的作用。目前我国信用评级机构的素质和公信力市场认可度不高，因此，本文选题对于促进信用评级行业的规范发展具有重要意义。本文借鉴以美国为代表的发达国家信用评级业国际化发展经验，对比分析我国信用评级业生存环境、发展历程及不足之处，从外部环境，包括行业需求、供给，到内部环境，包括我国评级机构的评级方法和人才培养方面，找出我国信用评级行业的差距，并结合我国的国情和当前背景提出针对性的、可行的建议，帮助改善我国信用评级的环境。

关键字：信用评级 监管 发展前景

Abstract：Credit rating is an important part of the social credit system, an important assist against financial risks, as well as an important regulatory mechanism of the market. At present, the international credit rating market is monopolized by the three major U.S. Credit rating agencies; many countries gradually became aware of the importance of the credit rating industry in the development of a country's financial market and even of the national economic security and sovereignty. Now, the qualifications and credibility of the credit rating agencies in our country is of low degree of market acceptance. This paper will draw on the international development experience of the credit rating industry in developed countries especially United States as the representative, comparatively analyzing the living environment, development and problems of the credit rating industry in our country. Such will begin from the external environment , including industry demand, supply, to internal environment, including aspects of rating methods and training of our rating agencies , which will identify shortage of the credit rating industry in our country . Finally, combining with China's national conditions and the current background, to help improve the country 's credit rating environment.

Key words: Credit rating   Supervision   Prospect