【摘要】黄土高原由于受自然和人为活动的双重因素影响，水土流失极为严重，同时给生态环境也带来极大的危害。近些年来，退耕还林、梯田建设、小流域治理等可持续发展措施的实施，一定程度上缓解了严重的水土流失状况。本文以甘肃省通渭县为例，利用问卷和实地访谈等手段、结合数据分析，对不同人类活动影响（梯田建设、退耕还林）下的水土流失状况进行了调查，客观评价了现阶段不同程度的人类活动对水土流失的影响，并提出了一些治理水土流失的建议。

【关键词】黄土高原；水土流失；水平梯田；退耕还林；通渭县

Abstract: Due to the impact of nature and human activities, soil and water loss is very serious problems in the Loess Plateau, which result in serious ecological environment. In recent years, a series of measures were carried out in these area to reduce the serious soil and water loss, such as returning farmland into forest, constructing terrace and managing the small catchment. In this paper, Tongwei Country of Gansu Province was chosen to investigate the current situation of soil and water loss, evaluate the impact of different human activities, and put forward some suggestions to control the soil and water loss in the study area.

Keywords: Loess plateau; Soil and water loss; Returning farmland into forest; Tongwei Country