摘要：20世纪二三十年代是美国妇女运动史上的一个特殊的阶段和时期，1920年联邦宪法第19条修正案正式通过，美国妇女获得了选举权。新获得的选举权为女性提供了自由的保障,女性的地位和角色产生了很大的变化，出现了“新女性”。她们在穿着打扮上，行为方式上，思想观念上都与老一辈的妇女有着截然不同的特点。“新女性”的出现与二三十年代美国社经济发展、社会媒介的产生和“性解放”思想息息相关，并对妇女运动，美国妇女的社会地位和角色的变化和美国社会的妇女观产生了深刻的影响。但是“新女性”只是盛行于当时的美国享乐主义、物质主义和消费主义的一个缩影，并没有从本质上真正引领了妇女运动。

关键词：美国；妇女运动；新女性

Abstract：It was a special period for women’s movements in united states during the 1920s to 1930s.The American women were granted the right to vote by the 19th amendment to the U.S. Constitution . Since then,the freedom of the women was gave by the voting rights.The role of the American women that they used to play had been changed,young American women began to step out of their traditional societal role and showed in new image which called “flapper”. Flappers were changing the way they dressed,thought, and acted . They were also considered a significant challenge to traditional victoria gender roles . These changes were encouraged by the economy, the new media , and the more opened attitude toward premarital sex .The flappers had changed the women’s social status and the women’s viewpoint of the American public. However,the flapper represented only a small percentage of American women, flapper was just the epitome of the American consumerism、materialism and hedonism, for overwhelming majority, life did not chang that much.

Keywords: United states ;Flapper ;Women’s movements

　女性是社会组成群体中不可或缺的重要部分，妇女在社会中应该扮演什么样的角色永远是一个讨论不尽的问题，女性运动随着社会经济发展而出现，其宗旨是争取政治上与男性有平等的权利和自由，以及在经济地位上与男性有平等的地位。20世纪二三十年代，美国出现的“新女性”使得妇女精神上的独立意识随着其经济地位的改善而不断提高，迈出了走向平等重要的一步。同时，社会变革和社会观念也因此得到改变。虽然“新女性”自由的理想在20年代末随着大萧条到来而消失了，但女性们向往精彩的外部世界，渴望自由，期待真正自由和平等世界的到来。在社会经济日益发展的今天，中国的广大妇女群体（尤其是受过高等教育的女性），也会面临美国20世纪二三十年代出现的“新女性”所出现类似的困惑，如何消除这样的困惑，这要求广大妇女要作出相应的心理准备，并探索解决问题的路径。